潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分類:食品機械(xie)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、鈣(gai)(gai)鈉基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、鈣(gai)(gai)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、石墨鈣(gai)(gai)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、鈉基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、復(fu)(fu)合鈣(gai)(gai)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、汽(qi)車通(tong)用(yong)鋰基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、鋁(lv)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、極壓鋰基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、鐵(tie)道潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、通(tong)用(yong)鋰基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、2號航(hang)空潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、光學(xue)儀器用(yong)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、4號高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(50號高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi))、鋇基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、復(fu)(fu)合鋁(lv)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、壓延(yan)機用(yong)潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、7903號耐油密封潤(run)(run)(run)(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)
外觀
潤滑脂的(de)外(wai)(wai)觀(guan)是通過目測和感觀(guan)來檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)質(zhi)量的(de)。外(wai)(wai)觀(guan)包(bao)括(kuo)顏色、光澤、透明度(du)(du)、纖維結構、稠度(du)(du)、雜質(zhi)、析油情況、均勻性等。一般是在玻璃板上涂抹1~2mm脂層對光檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)。
通過(guo)外觀可以大概地推測潤(run)滑脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)質(zhi)量情(qing)況,如(ru)均勻性、軟(ruan)硬度、有無(wu)皂塊、有無(wu)機(ji)械雜質(zhi)等(deng);初(chu)步鑒定潤(run)滑脂(zhi)(zhi)品種,如(ru)鈣基、鋰基潤(run)滑脂(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)細纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)膏狀(zhuang),鈉(na)基潤(run)滑脂(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)長纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)結(jie)構;可以了解潤(run)滑脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)黏附性和(he)防護性;還可以了解潤(run)滑脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)機(ji)械安定性,即通過(guo)用手指捻壓,看其(qi)是(shi)否容(rong)易變(bian)稀。
滴點
滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)是指潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)受熱溶(rong)化開始(shi)滴(di)(di)落的(de)最低(di)溫(wen)度(du),是潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)的(de)重要指標(biao)之一。測定方(fang)法按國(guo)際GB/T4929—85潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)測定法進行(xing)。滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)可以確定潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)使用時允許的(de)最高溫(wen)度(du),一般來講,潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)應在低(di)于滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)20~30℃溫(wen)度(du)下(xia)工(gong)作(zuo)。根據測定的(de)滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)在配合外觀指標(biao)鑒(jian)別,大致可以判斷潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)的(de)品種(zhong),如鈣基(ji)潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)的(de)滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)大約(yue)為70~100℃;鈉基(ji)潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)的(de)滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)大約(yue)為130~160℃;滴(di)(di)點(dian)(dian)(dian)高于200℃,大多(duo)為合成潤(run)(run)滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)。
錐入度
錐入(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)是(shi)指潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)稠度(du)(du)(du)或軟硬度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)指標(biao)。其(qi)測定方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)將潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)保持在(zai)一(yi)定溫度(du)(du)(du),以(yi)規定重量的(de)(de)標(biao)準錐體在(zai)5s內沉入(ru)(ru)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)深度(du)(du)(du)來表(biao)示,單位(wei)為1/10mm。測定方(fang)法(fa)按GB/T269—91潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)錐入(ru)(ru)測定法(fa)進行。錐入(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)大(da),則稠度(du)(du)(du)小(xiao)(xiao),潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)軟,易流失。錐入(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)小(xiao)(xiao),則稠度(du)(du)(du)大(da),潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)硬,流動性差。在(zai)一(yi)定程度(du)(du)(du)上表(biao)示潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)使用時,所承受負(fu)荷的(de)(de)大(da)小(xiao)(xiao),錐入(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)承受負(fu)荷較大(da)。錐入(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)過小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)脂(zhi),不適宜用于管道壓力送(song)脂(zhi)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。
水分
水分是指潤滑(hua)脂含水的(de)(de)質量分數(shu)。即在產品規格上是用(yong)來控制含水分的(de)(de)百分率。測(ce)定方(fang)法(fa)按(an)GB/T512—90潤滑(hua)脂水分測(ce)定法(fa)進行。
水(shui)分在潤滑脂中(zhong)以兩種形(xing)式存在:一種是(shi)結(jie)構水(shui),形(xing)成水(shui)合物結(jie)晶(jing),這種水(shui)是(shi)潤滑脂的(de)穩定(ding)劑,是(shi)不(bu)可(ke)缺少(shao)的(de)成分,是(shi)在潤滑脂中(zhong)允許存在的(de)。若(ruo)使用(yong)溫(wen)度過高,會失(shi)去(qu)這種水(shui)分,破壞(huai)脂的(de)結(jie)構,引起油皂分離(li),失(shi)去(qu)潤滑作用(yong);另(ling)一種是(shi)游(you)離(li)水(shui),被(bei)吸附或夾雜在潤滑脂中(zhong),對潤滑脂是(shi)有害的(de),會降低(di)潤滑脂的(de)潤滑性(xing)、機械(xie)安定(ding)性(xing)和化(hua)學安定(ding)性(xing)。如游(you)離(li)水(shui)過多,還會對機件產生(sheng)腐(fu)蝕作用(yong)。